DBzTech-Technology Dossier

SAS Mainframe Tutorial on COMPRESS and COMPBL Functions

The COMPRESS Function in SAS is used to remove specific characters from a string. In general dealing with Blanks can be challenging, but SAS provides few functions to do this efficiently. COMPRESS returns character string with specific characters removed from the original string. The syntax is as follows:COMPRESS(string, characters to…
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SAS Mainframe Tutorial: Reading Delimited Data using DLM and DSD

Reading input file in SAS Mainframe with delimiter option
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Using CALCULATED in PROC SQL in SAS Mainframe

Creating New Variables in PROC SQL (SAS) Using the CALCULATED Keyword In PROC SQL (SAS), you can dynamically create new variables within your query and assign them a name. If a name is not provided, these dynamically created variables will appear in the output without a column heading. For example,…
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How to Use PROC SQL in SAS on a Mainframe (z/OS)

When working with SAS on the mainframe, one of the most powerful tools you have is the PROC SQL procedure. Unlike traditional DATA steps or sorting workflows, PROC SQL lets you query, join and manipulate large datasets directly, often with fewer steps and greater resource efficiency. In this guide, you’ll…
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PROC SORT in SAS on Mainframe (z/OS)

Running SAS on a mainframe environment like z/OS allows you to process massive enterprise datasets with high performance. Among the most commonly used SAS procedures are PROC SORT, which help you sort, filter, join and organize your data efficiently. What is PROC SORT in SAS on Mainframe? PROC SORT is…
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SAS in Mainframe -Tutorial

The powerful data analytics system SAS isn’t just for Windows or UNIX environments—it’s fully capable of running in a mainframe environment like z/OS. In the world of mainframe computing, SAS opens up versatile opportunities for data processing, integration with large‐scale databases (like DB2 or Oracle Database), and high‐volume reporting.Core Components…
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CHAR and VARCHAR in COBOL

In IBM DB2, the CHAR data type is used to store fixed-length character strings, meaning the database always allocates the full defined storage length regardless of the actual data size. As a result, CHAR columns can waste disk space when the stored values do not fully utilize the assigned length.…
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DB2 Query to check Privilege(C/R/U/D) held by cobol programs on DB2 table

The solution is to use SYSTABAUTH table. Assume the table name is ‘DB1T04’ and we want to find out what all programs performs C(CREATE) R(READ) U(UPDATE) or D(DELETE) operation. A simple query to fetch the matrix would like below: o/p will be generated as : The program names will be…
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Identify Connections for Cobol Programs in Z/OS using SYSPLSYSTEM

How COBOL Programs Connect to CICS, IMS & DB2 in z/OS Mainframes When COBOL applications run on an IBM z/OS mainframe, they usually operate in one of two ways: 📌 Online — such as interactive transactions managed by systems like CICS (Customer Information Control System),📌 Batch — background processing jobs.…
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TSO Command to identify Dataset Contention in Mainframe-ISRDDN

Most organizations have in house tools to check for dataset contention. Mostly it is a REXX code behind the tool, however, this TSO COMMAND will help to do the same task and find the resource causing the contention. TSO ISRDDN ENQ ‘Data-set Name’If this is run from start menu with…
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Understanding COMP and COMP-5 in IBM COBOL

In IBM COBOL, the COMP (computational) data type is used to store numeric values in binary format, ideal for efficient arithmetic operations. This format requires the data to be integers, and the compiler allocates memory in word-sized chunks: Storage Allocation for COMP Variables When defining a variable like WS-NUM PIC S9(n) USAGE IS COMP, the…
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DB2 Constraints

DB2 Constraints Constraints help to maintain data integrity without any procedural logic(like triggers, Stored procs). Writing a constraint is quite easy and has two parts to it, namely,the constraint Name & the check condition.The check condition is defined by specifying basic predicates (>, <, =, <>, <=, >=), BETWEEN, IN,…
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COMP * Command in JCL

COMP * or COMP * x is a handy command to compare the changes made to a JCL. If this command is issued in modified JCL, it will show the old and new version of the same with === and .QAAAx For example, the program name in the modified JCL…
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Public Cloud

Public Cloud is an IT model where services and infrastructure are managed by a third-party provider and shared with multiple organizations using the public Internet. That means it offloads much of the physical responsibility of operating a data center to a third party. This helps to abstract away much of…
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Private Cloud

When Organizations uses private dedicated environments, i.e. organization is running an environment where the sole tenant is the company itself. The company is ultimately responsible for maintaining the hardware, software, and networking infrastructure. On premises servers are also referred to as private clouds, just that on premise servers runs in…
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How COMP-3 Saves Space-In COBOL

Having a clear understanding of Zoned Decimal format is essential before diving into Packed Decimal (COMP-3) format in COBOL. In Packed Decimal format, each byte’s zone portion stores the next numeric digit, allowing two digits to be packed into a single byte—hence the name packed decimal. Each byte in a…
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What is Zoned Decimal In COBOL

The two computer codes mostly used for internal binary representation are EBCDIC and ASCII. Mainframe uses EBCDIC coding system. In EBCDIC, each byte consists of eight bits which are subdivided into two 4 bit segment; The Zone part(First 4 bits) and the Digit part(last 4 bits).For Reference the following table…
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Buffer Pool In DB2

In IBM Db2 databases, data is physically stored on disk across multiple files. Each file is divided into fixed-size blocks known as pages, which serve as the smallest unit of data exchange between disk storage and main memory. To optimize DB2 database performance, it is critical to keep as many…
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Catalog Tables In DB2

The word catalog signifies a list of items. When DB2 is installed, DB2 creates a set of tables which stores the information about DB2 objects as and when it gets created/updated, like definition of the objects, security information, statistical information etc. The information of every object known and available to…
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Identity Column in DB2

This identifier is a number that is updated sequentially as new records are added. In DB2, this feature will automatically generate the values. The values for an identity column can be generated by the Db2 database manager in two ways using the keywords ALWAYS or BY DEFAULT. When using GENRATED ALWAYS keyword,…
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